‘Net-zero’ targets neither feasible nor realistic

Canada and other developed countries have committed to achieving “net-zero” carbon emissions by 2050. Yet here at the midway point between the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, the first international treaty to set binding targets for cutting greenhouse gas emissions, and the looming deadline of 2050, recent findings cast doubt on the feasibility of this ambitious transition.

According to a new study published by the Fraser Institute, despite international agreements, significant government spending and regulations, and some technological progress, the world’s dependence on fossil fuels has been steadily and significantly increasing over the past three decades. By 2023, global fossil fuel consumption was 55 per cent higher than in 1997. The share of fossil fuels in global energy consumption has only slightly decreased, dropping from nearly 86 per cent in 1997 to approximately 82 per cent in 2022.

Viewed through a historical lens, this sluggish pace of change is not surprising. The first global energy transition, from traditional biomass fuels (wood, charcoal, straw) to fossil fuels, started more than two centuries ago and unfolded gradually. Coal only surpassed global wood consumption in 1900; crude oil surpassed coal only in the mid-1960s; and natural gas has yet to surpass crude oil. Even today, this transition remains incomplete, as billions of people still rely on traditional biomass energy for cooking and heating.

The scale of the energy transition ahead is daunting. The 19th-century transition from wood to coal and hydrocarbons replaced about 1.5 billion tons of wood, equivalent to 30 exajoules. But the current transition will require at least 400 exajoules of new non-carbon energies by 2050. To put this in a Canadian perspective, generating this amount of clean energy worldwide would require the equivalent of about 22,000 projects the size of British Columbia’s Site C or Newfoundland and Labrador’s Muskrat Falls.

Advocates for today’s mandated energy transition often overlook the complexity of energy transitions and their many challenges. Critical industries such as cement, primary iron, plastics and ammonia still rely heavily on fossil fuels, with no viable alternatives readily available for large-scale adoption.

The energy transition also imposes unprecedented demands for minerals vital for renewable energy technologies, such as copper and lithium, which require substantial time to mine and develop. According to the International Energy Agency, the widespread adoption of electric vehicles by 2040 will require more than 40 times more lithium and up to 25 times more cobalt, nickel and graphite than the world was producing in 2020. Assuming such scale is even possible, there are serious questions about whether mineral and metal production can expand nearly quickly enough to meet the 2050 deadline.

Transitioning to a net-zero carbon footprint also requires a massive overhaul of existing energy infrastructure, as well as development of new systems and technologies, all of which will be very costly. High-income countries (including Canada) would need to allocate between 20 and 25 per cent of their annual incomes (broadly measured as GDP) to the transition. That would create significant economic challenges for citizens in terms of living standards.

A final problem is that achieving decarbonization by 2050 hinges on extensive and sustained global cooperation, a difficult task given the conflicting political, strategic and economic interests of different countries. In 2024 it’s not easy to imagine how the major countries can coordinate their decarbonization efforts. The European Union and the United States are already reducing emissions. But China and India are still increasing their coal combustion and have decades of emissions growth ahead of them, while Russia’s economic stability depends on exporting fossil fuels. And low-income African countries are expanding their fossil fuel consumption to build infrastructure and lift their living standards to alleviate poverty.

After two centuries of rising global carbon emissions, the goal of zero carbon by 2050 faces significant economic, political and practical obstacles. Severing modern civilization’s reliance on fossil fuels may be a desirable long-term goal but it simply cannot be accomplished either rapidly or inexpensively.

Authors:

Vaclav Smil

Distinguished Professor Emeritus, University of Manitoba

Elmira Aliakbari

Director, Natural Resource Studies, Fraser Institute

Related Topics:#ElmiraAliakbari #FraserInstitute #NetZero #VaclavSmil Energy feature

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Major automakers push congress to block California’s 2035 EV mandate

Published on April 28, 2025

Todayville

MxM News

Quick Hit:

Major automakers are urging Congress to intervene and halt California’s aggressive plan to eliminate gasoline-only vehicles by 2035. With the Biden-era EPA waiver empowering California and 11 other states to enforce the rule, automakers warn of immediate impacts on vehicle availability and consumer choice. The U.S. House is preparing for a critical vote to determine if California’s sweeping environmental mandates will stand.

Key Details:

Automakers argue California’s rules will raise prices and limit consumer choices, especially amid high tariffs on auto imports.
The House is set to vote this week on repealing the EPA waiver that greenlit California’s mandate.
California’s regulations would require 35% of 2026 model year vehicles to be zero-emission, a figure manufacturers say is unrealistic.

Diving Deeper:

The Alliance for Automotive Innovation, representing industry giants such as General Motors, Toyota, Volkswagen, and Hyundai, issued a letter Monday warning Congress about the looming consequences of California’s radical environmental regulations. The automakers stressed that unless Congress acts swiftly, vehicle shipments across the country could be disrupted within months, forcing car companies to artificially limit sales of traditional vehicles to meet electric vehicle quotas.

California’s Air Resources Board rules have already spread to 11 other states—including New York, Massachusetts, and Oregon—together representing roughly 40% of the entire U.S. auto market. Despite repeated concerns from manufacturers, California officials have doubled down, insisting that their measures are essential for meeting lofty greenhouse gas reduction targets and combating smog. However, even some states like Maryland have recognized the impracticality of California’s timeline, opting to delay compliance.

A major legal hurdle complicates the path forward. The Government Accountability Office ruled in March that the EPA waiver issued under former President Joe Biden cannot be revoked under the Congressional Review Act, which requires only a simple Senate majority. This creates uncertainty over whether Congress can truly roll back California’s authority without more complex legislative action.

The House is also gearing up to tackle other elements of California’s environmental regime, including blocking the state from imposing stricter pollution standards on commercial trucks and halting its low-nitrogen oxide emissions regulations for heavy-duty vehicles. These moves reflect growing concerns that California’s progressive regulatory overreach is threatening national commerce and consumer choice.

Under California’s current rules, the state demands that 35% of light-duty vehicles for the 2026 model year be zero-emission, scaling up rapidly to 68% by 2030. Industry experts widely agree that these targets are disconnected from reality, given the current slow pace of electric vehicle adoption among the broader American public, particularly in rural and lower-income areas.

California first unveiled its plan in 2020, aiming to make at least 80% of new cars electric and the remainder plug-in hybrids by 2035. Now, under President Donald Trump’s leadership, the U.S. Transportation Department is working to undo the aggressive fuel economy regulations imposed during former President Joe Biden’s term, offering a much-needed course correction for an auto industry burdened by regulatory overreach.

As Congress debates, the larger question remains: Will America allow one state’s left-wing environmental ideology to dictate terms for the entire country’s auto industry?

Also Interesting

Top Used Ford SUVs for Families and Adventurers

Published on April 28, 2025

Todayville Content Team

Finding the perfect SUV that balances comfort, safety, and adventure-ready performance can be a challenge, but Ford’s lineup of used SUVs offers some of the best options available. Whether you need a spacious vehicle for your growing family or an all-terrain companion for weekend getaways, there’s a Ford SUV to match your lifestyle. Let’s explore the top choices that deliver reliability, versatility, and affordability.

What to Look for in a Used Ford SUV?

Before diving into specific models, it’s essential to know what features matter most when shopping for a used Ford SUV. Here are key factors to consider:

● Safety Features – Look for models equipped with Ford Co-Pilot360, which includes automatic emergency braking, blind-spot monitoring, and adaptive cruise control.
● Reliability and Maintenance Costs – Research common issues and ensure the SUV has a solid maintenance history.
● Fuel Efficiency – Choose a model that aligns with your commuting or road trip needs.
● Cargo and Passenger Space – Ensure the SUV has enough room for your family, gear, and pets.
● Off-Road Capability – If adventure is your goal, opt for models with all-wheel drive (AWD) or four-wheel drive (4WD).

If you’re ready to explore available options, check out https://stampedeauto.com/used-ford/ for a selection of quality used Ford SUVs.

1. Ford Escape – The Compact Family Favorite

The Ford Escape is a practical, fuel-efficient SUV perfect for small families and urban explorers. With a history of strong safety ratings and a spacious interior, it strikes a balance between convenience and performance.

Why Choose a Used Ford Escape?

● Fuel Efficiency – Older models with the 1.5L EcoBoost engine offer up to 30 MPG highway.
● User-Friendly Technology – Equipped with Ford SYNC infotainment and smartphone connectivity.
● Versatile Cargo Space – Fold-flat rear seats provide ample room for groceries, sports equipment, or luggage.
● Best Model Years to Buy – 2018-2021 models have modern safety features and improved fuel economy.

2. Ford Edge – The Perfect Mid-Size Balance

For those who want more space without stepping into full-size territory, the Ford Edge is an ideal midsize SUV. It offers a roomy two-row layout, strong engine options, and a smooth ride.

Why Choose a Used Ford Edge?

● Spacious Cabin – More rear legroom than many competitors.
● Powerful Engine Choices – Available 2.0L EcoBoost and 2.7L V6 for extra performance.
● Advanced Safety Features – Includes lane-keeping assist and pre-collision assist in newer models.
● Best Model Years to Buy – 2019-2022 models offer a modern design and strong reliability.

3. Ford Explorer – The Ultimate Family SUV

If you need three rows of seating without sacrificing performance, the Ford Explorer is a top contender. It’s an excellent SUV for large families and those who need extra passenger capacity.

Why Choose a Used Ford Explorer?

● Seating for Up to Seven – Third-row seats offer flexibility for larger families.
● Strong Towing Capacity – Can tow up to 5,000 lbs when properly equipped.
● Powerful Yet Efficient – The 2.3L EcoBoost engine delivers a balance of power and fuel savings.
● Best Model Years to Buy – 2017-2022 models feature advanced driver assistance and improved comfort.

4. Ford Expedition – The Full-Size Powerhouse

For those who need maximum space and towing capability, the Ford Expedition is a standout choice. It’s built for large families, cross-country road trips, and hauling heavy loads.

Why Choose a Used Ford Expedition?

● Room for Eight – A full-size SUV with unmatched passenger space.
● Towing King – Can tow up to 9,300 lbs, ideal for boats and trailers.
● High-Tech Features – SYNC 3 infotainment and multiple USB ports keep everyone connected.
● Best Model Years to Buy – 2018-2022 models have turbocharged efficiency and refined interiors.

5. Ford Bronco Sport – The Adventurer’s Compact Choice

For outdoor enthusiasts, the Ford Bronco Sport is a rugged compact SUV designed for off-road fun while still being a practical daily driver.

Why Choose a Used Ford Bronco Sport?

● Trail-Ready Performance – Standard AWD and off-road modes for different terrains.
● Compact Yet Spacious – Clever storage solutions for camping and gear.
● Turbocharged Engines – 1.5L and 2.0L EcoBoost options for strong performance.
● Best Model Years to Buy – 2021-2023 models provide the latest tech and rugged styling.

Before purchasing a used Ford Bronco Sport, be sure to check for any recalls. For example, certain Ford Bronco Sport and Maverick models have been recalled to fix faulty batteries. To learn more about this, visit Consumer Reports’ coverage on the recall.

Buying Tips: How to Get the Best Deal on a Used Ford SUV

● Certified Pre-Owned (CPO) Options – Ford’s CPO program includes extended warranties and inspections.
● Check Vehicle History Reports – Avoid SUVs with major accidents or unresolved recalls.
● Test Drive and Inspection – Always inspect brakes, transmission, and suspension.
● Compare Prices – Look at local dealerships and online marketplaces for the best deals.
● Negotiate Smartly – Research market value and be prepared to walk away if needed. It also helps to choose a used car dealer with transparent pricing and a solid reputation.

Conclusion

Choosing the right used Ford SUV depends on your specific needs. If you want fuel efficiency and city-friendly size, the Escape is a great choice. For those needing extra space and towing power, the Explorer or Expedition are top contenders. If adventure is a priority, the Bronco Sport
offers unbeatable off-road capability.

No matter which Ford SUV you choose, you’ll get a reliable vehicle that blends comfort, technology, and performance—without the high price tag of a new model. Start your search today and find the perfect used Ford SUV for your family or next adventure.